The french second group verbs are the verbs ending in
-ir. The conjugation table of the secound group follow the conjugation of the verb
finir. The
-ir verbs differ from the
-er verbs in the following points:
The vowel of the inflections is always
-i-, for example
-isse in the past subjunctive rather than the
-asse of the
-er verbs.
A few of the singular inflections themselves change, though this is purely orthographic and does not affect the pronunciation: in the simple present and past, these are -s, -s, -t rather than -Ø, -s, -Ø. (The change in pronunciation is due to the change of vowel from e, ai, a to -i-.)
In the simple present, imperfect, the present subjunctive, and the gerund, a suffix
-iss- /is/ appears between the root and the inflectional endings. In the simple present singular, this suffix has disappeared and the endings are
-is, -is, -it.
The stem of the second group verbs is regular except for the verbs
fleurir and
haïr.
The endings for the conjugation of the french secound group verbs are regular.
Endings for the conjugation of the french second group verbs
- INFINITIVE : -ir
-
INDICATIVE
- Present : -is, -is, -it, -issons, -issez, -issent
- Imperfect : -issais, -issais, -issait, -issions, -issiez, -issaient
- Simple future : -irai, -iras, -ira, -irons, -irez, -iront
- Simple past : -is, -is, -it, -îmes, -îtes, -irent
-
SUBJUNCTIVE
- Present : -isse, -isses, -isse, -issions, -issiez, -issent
- Imperfect : -isse, -isses, -ît, -issions, -issiez, -issent
-
CONDITIONAL
- Present : -irais, -irais, -irait, -irions, -iriez, -iraient
-
IMPERATIVE
- Present : -is, -issons, -issez
-
PARTICIPLE
- Present : -issant
- Past : -i
Compound tenses
Conjugations for the different French verb tenses can be divided into two categories: simple and compound. Simple tenses have only one part (
je suis) whereas compound tenses have two: an auxiliary verb and the past participle (
j'ai été). The auxiliary verb is always either
avoir or
être.
There are 8 compound tenses based on the conjugation of the auxiliaries in the 8 simple tenses added to the past participle:
- auxiliary in present indicative + past participle of main verb = present perfect indicative (passé composé de l'indicatif)
- auxiliary in imperfect indicative + past participle of main verb = pluperfect indicative (plus-que-parfait de l'indicatif)
- auxiliary in simple past indicative + past participle of main verb = past perfect indicative (passé antérieur de l'indicatif)
- auxiliary in simple future indicative + past participle of main verb = future perfect indicative (futur antérieur de l'indicatif)
- auxiliary in present subjunctive + past participle of main verb = past subjunctive (passé du subjonctif)
- auxiliary in imperfect subjunctive + past participle of main verb = pluperfect subjunctive (plus-que-parfait du subjonctif)
- auxiliary in present conditional + past participle of main verb = past conditional (conditionnel passé)
- auxiliary in present imperative + past participle of main verb = past imperative (impératif passé)
